Revealing the landscape of privacy-enhancing technologies in the context of data markets for the IoT: A systematic literature review

IoT data markets in public and private institutions have become increasingly relevant in recent years because of their potential to improve data availability and unlock new business models. However, exchanging data in markets bears considerable challenges related to disclosing sensitive information. Despite considerable research focused on different aspects of privacy-enhancing data markets for the IoT, none of the solutions proposed so far seems to find a practical adoption. Thus, this study aims to organize the state-of-the-art solutions, analyze and scope the technologies that have been suggested in this context, and structure the remaining challenges to determine areas where future research is required. To accomplish this goal, we conducted a systematic literature review on privacy enhancement in data markets for the IoT, covering 50 publications dated up to July 2020, and provided updates with 24 publications dated up to May 2022. Our results indicate that most research in this area has emerged only recently, and no IoT data market architecture has established itself as canonical. Existing solutions frequently lack the required combination of anonymization and secure computation technologies. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the appropriate use of blockchain technology for IoT data markets and a low degree of leveraging existing libraries or reusing generic data market architectures. We also identified significant challenges remaining, such as the copy problem and the recursive enforcement problem that - while solutions have been suggested to some extent - are often not sufficiently addressed in proposed designs. We conclude that privacy-enhancing technologies need further improvements to positively impact data markets so that, ultimately, the value of data is preserved through data scarcity and users' privacy and businesses-critical information are protected

From Expert Discipline to Common Practice: A Vision and Research Agenda for Extending the Reach of Enterprise Modeling

The benefits of enterprise modeling (EM) and its contribution to organizational tasks are largely undisputed in business and information systems engineering. EM as a discipline has been around for several decades but is typically performed by a limited number of people in organizations with an affinity to modeling. What is captured in models is only a fragment of what ought to be captured. Thus, this research note argues that EM is far from its maximum potential. Many people develop some kind of model in their local practice without thinking about it consciously. Exploiting the potential of this “grass roots modeling” could lead to groundbreaking innovations. The aim is to investigate integration of the established practices of modeling with local practices of creating and using model-like artifacts of relevance for the overall organization. The paper develops a vision for extending the reach of EM, identifies research areas contributing to the vision and proposes elements of a future research Agenda

Investigating the Role of Enterprise Architects in Supporting Large-Scale Agile Transformations: A Multiple-Case Study

In today\u27s competitive environments, companies must cope with changing customer demands, regulatory uncertainties, and new technological advances. To this end, companies increasingly undergo large-scale agile transformations to meet these requirements. In recent years, enterprise architecture management has established itself as a valuable governance mechanism for coordinating large-scale agile transformations by connecting strategic considerations to the execution of transformation projects. Empirical studies investigating the role of enterprise architects (EAs) in this context are still scarce. We present a multiple-case study of five major German companies that aims to shed light on the role of EAs in supporting large-scale agile transformations. Based on our results from eighteen interviews, we present a set of typical responsibilities of EAs. We also describe the expectations of various stakeholders towards EAs and the challenges they face

Establishing Architecture Guidelines in Large-Scale Agile Development Through Institutional Pressures: A Single-Case Study

In today’s business environments, organizations are confronted with rapid technological advancements, regulatory uncertainties, and time-to-market pressures. The ability to detect relevant changes and to react timely and effectively becomes an important determinant for business survival. As a result, companies are striving to adopt agile methods on a larger scale to meet these requirements. The adoption of agile methods at scale poses new challenges such as inter-team coordination and communication, balancing intentional and emergent architecture or coordinating various development activities to produce desirable enterprise-wide effects. The latter can be addressed by applying architecture principles and guidelines. However, there is a lack of academic research on how architecture principles can be created and applied in large-scale agile development. Based on a mixed methods research design, this paper proposes a tool supported collaborative approach for establishing architecture principles and guidelines in an agile fashion

Revealing the State-of-the-Art in Large-Scale Agile Development: A Systematic Mapping Study

Context: The success of agile methods in small projects has inspired companies to apply them in larger projects and organizations. Although extensive research has been done, there is no comprehensive overview of research in large-scale agile development. Objective: This study analyzes existing research on large-scale agile development, provides an overview of the state-of-the-art, and identifies areas for future research. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted, covering 136 publications from 2007 to 2019. Results: Our findings show that (i) the extant literature currently reports more than 150 companies applying agile methods at large-scale, (ii) both industry and academia show a growing interest in the topic, (iii) the research in this field can be divided into ten research streams, (iv) the topic is still maturing and offers promising avenues for future research. Conclusion: This mapping study provides the first systematic exploration of the state-of-the-art on large-scale agile development. It offers researchers and practitioners a reflection of the past thirteen years of research on the large-scale application of agile methods. Although the topic is very promising and maturing, it is still in its infancy. Thus it gives a plethora of new opportunities for researchers to investigate companies applying agile methods at scale

What to Expect from Enterprise Architects in Large-Scale Agile Development? A Multiple-Case Study

In modern times, traditional enterprises are confronted with rapidly changing customer demands, increasing market dynamics, and continuous emergence of technological advancements. Confronted with the imperatives of a digital world, companies are striving to adopt agile methods on a larger scale to meet these requirements. In recent years, enterprise architecture management has established itself as a valuable governance mechanism for coordinating large-scale agile transformations by connecting strategic considerations to the execution of transformation projects. Our research is motivated by the lack of empirical studies on the collaboration between enterprise architects and agile teams. Against this backdrop, we present a multiple-case study of five leading German companies that aims to shed light on this field of tension. Based on our results from 20 semi-structured interviews, we present the expectations of agile teams for enterprise architects and how they are fulfilled

IT Landscape Discovery via Runtime Instrumentation for Automating Enterprise Architecture Model Maintenance

In a fast-moving world with complex organizational structures and geographic dispersion of employees, an efficient management of knowledge and related systems is crucial for an organizations’ competitive advantage. In this paper we examine social and technological aspects that influence how individuals can be motivated to share and create knowledge by conducting a systematic literature review. As a result, we present a holistic view on the social and technical perspectives of the organizations’ knowledge management thereby outlining the need for an integrated consideration of these two dimensions. Moreover, we place actual social developments and innovative technologies in the context of this research field and outline the need for future academic discussions

From expert discipline to common practice: a vision and research agenda for extending the reach of enterprise modeling

The benefits of enterprise modeling (EM) and its contribution to organizational tasks are largely undisputed in business and information systems engineering. EM as a discipline has been around for several decades but is typically performed by a limited number of people in organizations with an affinity to modeling. What is captured in models is only a fragment of what ought to be captured. Thus, this research note argues that EM is far from its maximum potential. Many people develop some kind of model in their local practice without thinking about it consciously. Exploiting the potential of this “grass roots modeling” could lead to groundbreaking innovations. The aim is to investigate integration of the established practices of modeling with local practices of creating and using model-like artifacts of relevance for the overall organization. The paper develops a vision for extending the reach of EM, identifies research areas contributing to the vision and proposes elements of a future research agenda